A UK government spokesman, who declined to be named, said it was “completely inaccurate and unwarranted to suggest that Gibraltar is undermining sanctions efforts against Russia”.
The spokesman added: “UK sanctions are in full force and are being enforced across all UK overseas territories and crown dependencies.
The European Commission and the EU diplomatic service – which want Gibraltar and other countries removed from the list – criticized the text ahead of Tuesday's vote.
The MEPs' vote means Gibraltar will remain on the EU's list of high-risk countries and EU banks will have to carry out “enhanced due diligence” on cash transfers with the territory, making it more difficult to do business with.
The global watchdog, the Financial Action Task Force, removed the countries from its watch list in February, leading to the Commission's decision to remove them from the EU's list as well.
In a statement after the vote, Gibraltar's government said the European Parliament's position was “clearly not the result of any technical assessment” and was “an attitude poisoned by politics” controlling specific Spanish MPs and political groups.